沙蓬的组织构造和显微鉴定Botanic tissue structure and microscopic identification of Agriophyllum squarrosum
吕铭,董焱,李玉山
L Ming,DONG Yan,LI Yu-shan(School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
摘要(Abstract)：
目的对蒙药沙蓬的组织构造和显微特征进行研究。方法对沙蓬根和茎横切面的组织构造进行显微鉴定,并对根、茎、叶以及果实的粉末显微特征进行鉴别。结果沙蓬根的横切面呈现异常生长的三生组织构造特征,轴器官为双螺旋状式样结构类型,异常维管束为外韧型维管束。茎的横切面组织构造呈现异常生长的三生构造特征,轴器官为同心环状式样结构类型,皮层附加异常维管束为外韧型维管束,3、4轮同心环状排列。异常维管束之间的结合组织结构式样为径向厚壁木质化型,束间薄壁组织细胞高度木质化,轮层间的薄壁组织细胞较大。根的粉末可见大量草酸钙簇晶,螺纹、网纹、孔纹等多种类型导管,薄壁细胞高度木质化,纤维细长高度木质化,细胞腔明显。茎部粉末可见不等式或不定式气孔,草酸钙簇晶数量众多,导管为螺纹、网纹、孔纹。叶部粉末亦可见不等式或不定式气孔,草酸钙簇晶数量众多,散在或镶嵌于薄壁细胞中,薄壁细胞细长。果实粉末可见大量分支状非腺毛和胚乳细胞,草酸钙簇晶存在于薄壁细胞腔内或镶嵌于细胞间隙,数目极多。结论该研究成果可用于沙蓬药材的显微鉴定,为制定沙蓬药材的质量标准打下基础。
Objective To study on the botanic tissue structures and microscopic identification of Agriophyllum squarrosum. Methods Observing the botanic tissue structures of the cross sections of the root and stem,microscopic characteristics of the powders of the root,stem,leaf as well as fruit of A.squarrosum with microscopic identification method. Results The tertiary structure characteristics generated due to the abnormal growth were observed in the cross section of the root and stem of A.squarrosum.The axis organ was observed to be the double helix structural type.The xylem occupied inside and the phloem occupied outside in the additional abnormal bundle.The tissue structure of the stem transverse section presented also the tertiary structure characteristics.The axial organ of the stem was the concentric ring pattern.The additional abnormal vascular bundle in cortex were the types that the xylem occupied inside and the phloem occupied outside,and arranged as 3-4 wheel with concentric.The organizational structure pattern between the abnormal vascular bundle was the radial thick wall lignification type,and the parenchyma cells were highly lignified,and the parenchyma cells between wheel layers are larger.The microscopic characteristics,as large amounts of calcium oxalate crystal,the vessels including thread and reticulate and pitted types,the parenchyma cells highly lignified,the slender fibers that the cell cavity is evident,were reviewed in the root powders.The inequality or infinitive stomas,calcium oxalate crystals as well as catheter including thread,reticulate,and pitted pattern were visible in the stem powders.The inequality stomas,clustered calcium oxalate crystals that scattered or embedded in the parenchyma cells,and slender parenchyma cells were observed in leaf powders.Fruit powder showed large amounts of branched non-glandular hairs,endosperm cells,and clustered calcium oxalate crystals found in the parenchyma cell lumens or embedded in the extracellular space. Conclusions The research results can be used for the microscopic identification and for making the quality standard of Agriophyllum Squarrosum Herba.
关键词(KeyWords)：
沙篷;组织构造;显微鉴定
Agriophyllum squarrosum;botanic tissue structure;microscopic identification
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author):
吕铭,董焱,李玉山
L Ming,DONG Yan,LI Yu-shan(School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica
DOI: 10.14066/j.cnki.cn21-1349/r.2012.09.009