万美钰,刘琳琳,曲扬,侯文彬,郭娜,窦德强
WAN Meiyu,LIU Linlin,QU Yang,HOU Wenbin,GUO Na,DOU Deqiang

• 1:辽宁中医药大学药学院
• 2:北京协和医学院&中国医学科学院放射医学研究所
• 3:中国中医科学院医学实验中心

摘要(Abstract)：

黑参是将人参经微生物发酵或多次蒸晒的方法炮制而成，其在化学成分及药理作用方面发生了显著变化，增加多种药理活性。作为新的人参炮制品种，近年来国内外对黑参的研究越来越多。依据黑参加工炮制程度，黑参的化学成分较人参发生较大变化，原级皂苷含量减少，稀有皂苷含量大大提高，其中主要成分为人参皂苷20(R+S)Rg_3、Rg_5、Rk_1和Rk_3等。黑参具有抗癌、抗心力衰竭、免疫调节与抗炎、抗糖尿病、对中枢神经系统影响等药理作用。黑参与人参及红参相比，其优势在于稀有皂苷成分含量提高，药理作用增强。本文通过查阅近十年国内外文献，对黑参的化学成分、药理作用及其作用机制进展进行综述，为黑参的开发利用奠定基础。
Black ginseng is processed by microbial fermentation or multiple steaming methods.It has undergone significant changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects, increasing a variety of pharmacological activities.As a new processing variety of ginseng, there were more and more researches on black ginseng at home and abroad in recent years.According to the degree of black ginseng processing, the chemical composition of black ginseng changed greatly compared with ginseng.The content of primary saponins decreased and the content of rare saponins increased greatly.The main components were ginsenoside 20(R+S)Rg_3,Rg_5,Rk_1 and Rk_3.Black ginseng had pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer, anti-heart failure, immune regulation and anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, and effects on the central nervous system.Compared with ginseng and red ginseng, the advantage of black ginseng was that the content of rare saponins was increased and the pharmacological effect was enhanced.In this paper, the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and mechanism of action of black ginseng were reviewed by consulting domestic and foreign literatures in the past ten years, which laid a foundation for the development and utilization of black ginseng.

关键词(KeyWords)： 黑参;化学成分;药理作用;作用机制
black ginseng;chemical composition;pharmacological effects;action mechanism

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82073985);; 辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2020JH2/10300055)

作者(Author): 万美钰,刘琳琳,曲扬,侯文彬,郭娜,窦德强
WAN Meiyu,LIU Linlin,QU Yang,HOU Wenbin,GUO Na,DOU Deqiang

DOI: 10.14066/j.cnki.cn21-1349/r.2021.0880

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