解酒天然药物研究进展The progress in developing natural drugs for prevention and cure of alcoholic intoxication
张若明,李经才
ZHANG Ruo ming; LI Jing cai (Department of Pharmacy;
摘要(Abstract)：
过量饮酒可引起人体生理功能紊乱乃至死亡 ,开发有效的解酒药物具有重要的意义和广阔的市场前景。当前天然解酒药物的作用机制是通过抑制乙醇胃肠吸收和加速代谢以降低机体血醇浓度 ,解除醉酒状态。文章论述了人参、葛花、枳木具子等多种天然解酒药物的单方和复方解酒作用药理研究的最新进展 ,探讨其活性成分的构效关系 ;并对此类药物今后的研制方向提出浅见
It has been found that excessive ingestion of ethanol usually brings about physical dyfunction,even death. The article reviewed the characterization of ethanol metabolism,the kinds of drugs for prevention and cure of alcoholic intoxication,the mechanism for lowering blood alcoholic level,the structure activity relationships from some natural drugs,and the effects of complex prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines.
关键词(KeyWords)：
天然药物;酒精中毒;乙醇脱氢酶;胃肠吸收
natural drugs; alcoholic intoxication; alcohol dehydrogenase; gastric absorptio
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors):
张若明,李经才
ZHANG Ruo ming; LI Jing cai (Department of Pharmacy;
参考文献(References)：
- [1]戴德银 .酒的代谢生理及对药效和健康的影响 [J].华西药学杂志 ,1991,6 (4 ) :2 31～ 2 35 .
- [2 ]OnetaCM ,SimanowskiUA .Firstpassmetabolismofethanolisstrikinglyinfluencedbythespeedofgastricempty [J].Gut ,1996 ,43(5 ) :6 12～ 6 19.
- [3]AlfonsoV ,CristinaL ,KarenS ,etal .Silymarinprotec tionagainsthepticlipidperoxidationinducedbyacuteethanolintoxication [J].BiochemPharmacol,1985 ,34:2 2 0 9～ 2 2 12 .
- [4 ]YoungJL ,CaarolBP ,EugeneJP .Effectofginsengonplasmalevelofethanolintherat [J].PlantaMed ,1993 ,5 9:17～ 19.
- [5 ]马春力 ,李福全 ,赵玉珍 .西洋参茎叶皂苷对急性乙醇中毒大鼠肝损害的影响 [J].佳木斯医学院学报 ,1992 ,15 (6 ) :18～ 19.
- [6 ]李敬常 ,周伟贞 ,叶丽明 ,等 .三七水提物对动物乙醇损伤的保护作用 [J].中成药 ,1992 ,14(6 ) :32～33 .
- [7]冢本昭次郎 .茶种子对乙醇的吸收、代谢的影响[J].国外医学中医中药分册 ,1993 ,15 (4 ) :45 .
- [8]TakamiK ,IwaoS ,TakanbuT ,etal.Effectoftea(Camelliasinensis)chemicalcompoundsonethanolmetabolisminICRmice [J].BiosiBiotechBiochem ,1996 ,6 0 (9) :145 0～ 145 4.
- [9]MasayukiY ,EmikoH ,HisashiM ,etal.ElatosidesAandB ,potentinhibitorsofethanolabsorptioninratsfromAraliaelataSeem .:thestructure activityrela tionshipsofoleanolicacidoligoglycosides [J].ChemPharmBull,1993 ,41(11) :2 0 6 9～ 2 0 71.
- [10 ]TachiyashikiK ,ImaizumiK .Loweringanddelayingactionsofbovinebileonplasmaethanollevelsinrats[J].JNutrSci,1992 ,38(1) :6 9～ 82 .
- [11]刘忠民 ,袁学文 ,章琪 ,等 .葛花露对乙醇代谢的影响 [J].中国药理学会通讯 ,,1996 ,13(1) :32～ 33 .
- [12 ]新甫勇次郎 ,山崎津 ,中岛嘉次郎 ,等 .葛花对乙醇诱发的代谢异常及实验性肝损伤的影响 [J].国外医药植物药分册 ,1991,6 (5 ) :2 2 6～ 2 2 7.
- [13]王庆端 ,江金花 ,孙文欣 ,等 .葛根总黄酮的抗啤酒中枢抑制作用 [J].1998,33(3) :117～ 118.
- [14]张恩户 ,赵勤 ,梁作峰 ,等 .葛根总黄酮解酒作用的实验观察 [J].陕西中医学院学报 ,1995 ,18(3) :38.
- [15 ]张乃哲 ,符云峰 ,赵会军 ,等 .葛根解酒毒的实验研究 [J].中国医药学报 ,1998,13(4 ) ::2 6～ 2 8.
- [16 ]HaseK .枳木具子对脂多糖诱发长期饲喂乙醇大鼠肝损害的影响 [J].国外医学中医中药分册 ,1998,2 6(4 ) :47.
- [17]ChungJH ,CheongJC ,ParkKS ,etal.Effectofaloin ,aquinonederivativeofAloe,onethanolmetabolismintherat [J].MedSciRes,1996 ,2 4(6 ) :42 1～ 42 3 .
- [18]KiyoshiS ,ToshikoY ,YamaneS ,etal.Effectofwaterextractsofcrudedrugsindecreasingbloodethanolconcentrationsinrats [J].ChemPharmBull,1987,35 (11) :45 97～ 46 0 4.
- [19]KiyoshiS ,YukikoS ,ChieI ,etal .EffectofwaterextractsofAloeandsomeherbsindecreasingbloodethanolconcentrationinratsII [J].ChemPharmBull,1989,37(1) :15 5～ 15 9.
- [2 0 ]王旭东 .“酒仙”胶囊治疗急性酒精中毒观察 [J].湖南中医学院学报 ,1991,11(2 7) :2 7～ 2 8.
- [2 1]方玉珍 ,宋杰飞 ,岑燕飞 .葛花解醒口服液的药理作用研究 [J].中成药 ,1995 ,17(10 ) :30～ 33 .
- [2 2 ]伍嘉宁 ,潘锄云 ,周华楚 ,等 .葛花解醒汤抗乙醇中毒的研究 [J].江西中医学院学报 ,1994,6 (4 ) :2 4～2 5 .
- [2 3]徐景藩 .运用东垣解醒化瘀方药的体会 [J].中医杂志 ,1996 (3) :141～ 142 .
- [2 4]YoshikawaMasayuki,MurakamiToshiyuki,UenoTa kahiro ,etal.E senegasaponinsAandB ,Z seneginsIIandIII ,newtypeinhibitorsofethanolabsorptioninratsfromSenegaeRadix ,theroosofPolygalasenegaL .VarlatifoliaTORREYetGRAY [J].ChemPharmBull,1995 ,43(2 ) :35 0～ 35 2 .
- [2 5 ]YoshkawaMasayuki,HaradaEmiko ,MurakamiTosh iyuki,etal.CamelliasaponinsB1,B2 ,C1andC2 ,newtypeinhibitorofethanolabsorptioninratsfromtheseedsofCamelliajaponicaL .[J].ChemPharmBull,1994,42 (3) :742～ 744 .
- [2 6 ]YoshikawaMasayuki,HaradaEmiko ,MurakamiTosh iyoki,etal.Escins Ia ,Ib ,IIa ,IIb ,andIIIa ,bioactivetriterpeneoligoglycosidesfromtheseedsofAescullushippocastanumL .:theirinhibitoryeffectsonethanolabsorptionandhypoglycemicactivityonglucosetoller ancetest [J].ChemPharmBull,1994,42 (6 ) :135 7～135 9.
- [2 7]王艳林 ,韩钰 ,钱京萍 ,等 .枳木具子抗脂质过氧化作用的实验研究 [J].中草药 ,1994,2 5 (6 ) :30 6～ 30 7.
- [2 8]张启华 ,王卫华 ,岳松珍 ,等 .加味葛花解醒汤对实验性肝损伤的防护作用 [J].中医药研究 ,1998,14(2 ) :30～ 32 .